xorrecord: SetBurn
5.3 Settings for the burn run
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A burn run requires exactly one track source address argument,
which tells from where to read the data which shall be put into the
upcomming session. The medium state must be either blank or
appendable.
Track source may be "-" for standard input or the address of a
readable file of any type except directories. Nearly all media
types accept a track source with unpredictable byte count, like
standard input or named pipes. Nevertheless, DVD-R DL and DVD-RW
blanked by mode deformat_quickest demand exact in-advance
reservation of the track size, so that they either need to be read
from a source of predictable length, or need to be accompanied by
option *tsize=* or by option *-isosize*.
Several options expect a size value as argument. A number with a
trailing letter "b" or without a trailing letter is a plain byte
count. Other trailing letters cause multiplication of the given
number by a scaling factor:
"k" or "K" = 1024 , "m" or "M" = 1024k , "g" or "G" = 1024m , "s"
or "S" = 2048
E.g. tsize=234567s means a size of 234567 * 2048 = 480393216
bytes.
blank=mode
Blank a CD-RW or DVD-RW to make it re-usable from scratch. Format
a DVD-RW, DVD+RW, DVD-RAM, BD-R, or BD-RE if not yet formatted.
This operation normally makes any recorded data on the medium
unreadable. It is combinable with burning in the same run of
'xorrecord', or it may be performed without a track source, leaving
the medium empty.
The mode given with blank= selects the particular behavior:
as_needed
Try to make the media ready for writing from scratch. If it needs
formatting, then format it. If it is not blank, then try to apply
blank=fast. It is a reason to abort if the medium cannot assume
thoroughly writeable state, e.g. if it is a non-blank write-once.
This leaves unformatted DVD-RW in unformatted blank state. To
format DVD-RW use blank=format_overwrite. Blank unformatted BD-R
stay unformatted.
(Note: blank=as_needed is not an original cdrecord option.)
all
Blank an entire CD-RW or an unformatted DVD-RW.
fast
Minimally blank an entire CD-RW or blank an unformatted DVD-RW.
deformat
Like blank=all but with the additional ability to blank
overwriteable DVD-RW. This will destroy their formatting and make
them sequentially recordable.
(Note: blank=deformat is not an original cdrecord options)
deformat_quickest
Like blank=deformat but blanking DVD-RW only minimally. This is
faster than full blanking but yields media incapable of writing
tracks of unpredicatable size. Multi-session will not be possible
either.
(Note: blank=deformat_quickest is not an original cdrecord option.)
format_overwrite
Format a DVD-RW to "Restricted Overwrite". The user should bring
some patience.
Format unformatted DVD+RW, BD-RE or blank BD-R to their default
size. It is not mandatory to do this with DVD+RW and BD-RE media,
because they will get formatted automatically on the first write
attempt.
BD-R media may be written in unformatted state. This keeps
disabled the replacement of bad blocks and enables full nominal
write speed. Once BD-R media are written, they cannot be formatted
any more.
For re-formatting already formatted media or for formatting with
non-default size, use program *xorriso* with command *-format*.
(Note: blank=format_overwrite is not an original cdrecord options)
help
Print a short overview of blank modes to standard error output.
Afterwards end emulation without performing any drive operation.
-multi
This option keeps CD, unformatted DVD-R[W], DVD+R, or BD-R
appendable after the current session has been written. Without it
the disc gets closed and may not be written any more - unless it is
a -RW and gets blanked, which causes loss of its content.
This option cannot be applied to DVD-R DL or to DVD-RW which were
blanked by mode "deformat_quickest". Option -multi_if_possible may
automatically recognize and handle this situation.
In order to have all filesystem content accessible, the eventual
ISO-9660 filesystem of a follow-up session needs to be prepared in
a special way by the filesystem formatter program. mkisofs,
genisoimage, and xorrisofs expect particular info about the
situation which can be retrieved by 'xorrecord' option -msinfo.
With overwriteable DVD or BD media, -multi cannot mark the end of
the session. So when adding a new session, this end has to be
determined from the payload. Currently only ISO-9660 filesystems
can be used that way. See option *-grow_overwriteable_iso*.
-dummy
Try to perform the drive operations without actually affecting the
inserted media. There is no warranty that this will work with a
particular combination of drive and media. Blanking is prevented
reliably, though. To avoid inadverted real burning, -dummy refuses
burn runs on anything but CD-R[W], DVD-R[W], or emulated
stdio-drives.
-waiti
Wait until input data is available at stdin or EOF occurs at stdin.
Only then begin to access any drives.
One should use this if xorrisofs is working at the end of a pipe
where the feeder process reads from the drive before it starts
writing its output into xorrisofs. Example:
xorrisofs ... -C 0,12800 -M /dev/sr0 ... | \
xorrecord dev=/dev/sr0 ... -waiti -
This option works even if standard input is not the track source.
If no process is piping in, then the Enter key of your terminal
will act as trigger for 'xorrecord'. Note that this input line
will not be consumed by cdrskin if standard input is not the track
source. It will end up as shell command, usually.
tsize=size
Announce the exact size of the track source. This is necessary
with DVD-R DL media and with quickest blanked DVD-RW, if the size
cannot be determined in advance from the track source. E.g. if it
is standard input or a named pipe.
If the track source does not deliver the predicted amount of bytes,
the remainder of the track is padded with zeros. This is not
considered an error. If on the other hand the track source
delivers more than the announced bytes then the track on media gets
truncated to the predicted size and xorrecord exits with non-zero
value.
-isosize
Try to obtain the track size from the content of the track source.
This works only if the track source bears an ISO 9660 filesystem.
Any other track source content will cause the burn run to abort.
If the track source is not a regular file or block device, then
this option will work only if the program's fifo size is at least
64k. See option fs=.
padsize=size
Add the given amount of trailing zeros to the upcomming track.
This feature can be disabled by size 0. Default is 300 kB in order
to work around a problem with GNU/Linux which often fails to read
the last few blocks of a CD track which was written in write mode
TAO. TAO is used by 'xorrecord' if the track size cannot be
predicted or if the CD medium is not blank but appendable.
-nopad
The same as padsize=0.
-pad
The same as padsize=15s. This was once sufficient with older
GNU/Linux kernels. Meanwhile one should at least use padsize=128k,
if not padsize=300k.
-data
Explicitly announce that the track source shall be recorded as data
track, and not as audio track. This option has no effect with
'xorrecord', because there is no support for other track formats
anyway.
-tao
Explicitly demand that write type TAO shall be used for CD, or
Incremental for DVD-R. Normally the program will choose the write
type according to the given medium state, option -multi, and track
source. Demanding it explicitly prevents the start of a write run,
if it is not appropriate to the situation.
-sao
Explicitly demand that write type SAO shall be used for CD, or DAO
for DVD-R. This might prevent the write run, if it is not
appropriate to the situation.
-dao
Alias of -sao.
fs=size
Set the size of the program fifo buffer to the given value rather
than the default of 4m.
The fifo buffers a temporary surplus of track source data in order
to provide the drive with a steady stream during times of temporary
lack of track source supply.
Other than cdrecord, xorrecord enables drive buffer underrun
protection by default and does not wait with writing until the fifo
is full for a first time. On very old CD drives and slow
computers, this might cause aborted burn runs. In this case,
consider to use program *cdrskin* for CD burning. DVD and BD
drives tolerate buffer underrun without problems.
The larger the fifo, the longer periods of poor source supply can
be compensated. But a large fifo can deprive the operating system
of read cache for better filesystem performance.
speed=value
Set the write speed. Default is 0 = maximum speed. Speed can be
given in media type dependent x-speed numbers or as a desired
throughput per second in MMC compliant kB (= 1000) or MB (= 1000
kB). Media x-speed factor can be set explicitly by appending "c"
for CD, "d" for DVD, "b" for BD. "x" is optional.
Example speeds:
706k = 706kB/s = 4c = 4xCD
5540k = 5540kB/s = 4d = 4xDVD
If there is no hint about the speed unit attached, then the medium
in the drive will decide. Default unit is CD, 1x = 176,400 raw
bytes/second. With DVD, 1x = 1,385,000 bytes/second. With BD, 1x
= 4,495,625 bytes/second.
MMC drives usually activate their own idea of speed and take the
speed value given by the burn program only as a hint for their own
decision.
minbuf=percentage
Equivalent to:
modesty_on_drive=<percentage>
-immed
Equivalent to:
modesty_on_drive=75
In cdrecord, this also controls use of the Immed bit. But xorriso
uses Immed where possible and appropriate, unless it is disabled by
option use_immed_bit=off .
-eject
Eject the drive tray after alll other work is done.
Info Catalog
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