Info Catalog gprof: Flat Profile gprof: Output gprof: Line-by-line

gprof: Call Graph

 
 5.2 The Call Graph
 ==================
 
 The "call graph" shows how much time was spent in each function and its
 children.  From this information, you can find functions that, while
 they themselves may not have used much time, called other functions that
 did use unusual amounts of time.
 
    Here is a sample call from a small program.  This call came from the
 same 'gprof' run as the flat profile example in the previous section.
 
      granularity: each sample hit covers 2 byte(s) for 20.00% of 0.05 seconds
 
      index % time    self  children    called     name
                                                       <spontaneous>
      [1]    100.0    0.00    0.05                 start [1]
                      0.00    0.05       1/1           main [2]
                      0.00    0.00       1/2           on_exit [28]
                      0.00    0.00       1/1           exit [59]
      -----------------------------------------------
                      0.00    0.05       1/1           start [1]
      [2]    100.0    0.00    0.05       1         main [2]
                      0.00    0.05       1/1           report [3]
      -----------------------------------------------
                      0.00    0.05       1/1           main [2]
      [3]    100.0    0.00    0.05       1         report [3]
                      0.00    0.03       8/8           timelocal [6]
                      0.00    0.01       1/1           print [9]
                      0.00    0.01       9/9           fgets [12]
                      0.00    0.00      12/34          strncmp <cycle 1> [40]
                      0.00    0.00       8/8           lookup [20]
                      0.00    0.00       1/1           fopen [21]
                      0.00    0.00       8/8           chewtime [24]
                      0.00    0.00       8/16          skipspace [44]
      -----------------------------------------------
      [4]     59.8    0.01        0.02       8+472     <cycle 2 as a whole> [4]
                      0.01        0.02     244+260         offtime <cycle 2> [7]
                      0.00        0.00     236+1           tzset <cycle 2> [26]
      -----------------------------------------------
 
    The lines full of dashes divide this table into "entries", one for
 each function.  Each entry has one or more lines.
 
    In each entry, the primary line is the one that starts with an index
 number in square brackets.  The end of this line says which function the
 entry is for.  The preceding lines in the entry describe the callers of
 this function and the following lines describe its subroutines (also
 called "children" when we speak of the call graph).
 
    The entries are sorted by time spent in the function and its
 subroutines.
 
    The internal profiling function 'mcount' (The Flat Profile
 Flat Profile.) is never mentioned in the call graph.
 

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· Primary       Details of the primary line's contents.
· Callers       Details of caller-lines' contents.
· Subroutines   Details of subroutine-lines' contents.
· Cycles        When there are cycles of recursion,
                    such as 'a' calls 'b' calls 'a'...
 

Info Catalog gprof: Flat Profile gprof: Output gprof: Line-by-line