gdb: gdbserver man
gdbserver man
=============
gdbserver COMM PROG [ARGS...]
gdbserver -attach COMM PID
gdbserver -multi COMM
'gdbserver' is a program that allows you to run GDB on a different
machine than the one which is running the program being debugged.
Usage (server (target) side)
----------------------------
First, you need to have a copy of the program you want to debug put onto
the target system. The program can be stripped to save space if needed,
as 'gdbserver' doesn't care about symbols. All symbol handling is taken
care of by the GDB running on the host system.
To use the server, you log on to the target system, and run the
'gdbserver' program. You must tell it (a) how to communicate with GDB,
(b) the name of your program, and (c) its arguments. The general syntax
is:
target> gdbserver COMM PROGRAM [ARGS ...]
For example, using a serial port, you might say:
target> gdbserver /dev/com1 emacs foo.txt
This tells 'gdbserver' to debug emacs with an argument of foo.txt,
and to communicate with GDB via '/dev/com1'. 'gdbserver' now waits
patiently for the host GDB to communicate with it.
To use a TCP connection, you could say:
target> gdbserver host:2345 emacs foo.txt
This says pretty much the same thing as the last example, except that
we are going to communicate with the 'host' GDB via TCP. The 'host:2345'
argument means that we are expecting to see a TCP connection from 'host'
to local TCP port 2345. (Currently, the 'host' part is ignored.) You
can choose any number you want for the port number as long as it does
not conflict with any existing TCP ports on the target system. This
same port number must be used in the host GDBs 'target remote' command,
which will be described shortly. Note that if you chose a port number
that conflicts with another service, 'gdbserver' will print an error
message and exit.
'gdbserver' can also attach to running programs. This is
accomplished via the '--attach' argument. The syntax is:
target> gdbserver --attach COMM PID
PID is the process ID of a currently running process. It isn't
necessary to point 'gdbserver' at a binary for the running process.
To start 'gdbserver' without supplying an initial command to run or
process ID to attach, use the '--multi' command line option. In such
case you should connect using 'target extended-remote' to start the
program you want to debug.
target> gdbserver --multi COMM
Usage (host side)
-----------------
You need an unstripped copy of the target program on your host system,
since GDB needs to examine its symbol tables and such. Start up GDB as
you normally would, with the target program as the first argument. (You
may need to use the '--baud' option if the serial line is running at
anything except 9600 baud.) That is 'gdb TARGET-PROG', or 'gdb --baud
BAUD TARGET-PROG'. After that, the only new command you need to know
about is 'target remote' (or 'target extended-remote'). Its argument is
either a device name (usually a serial device, like '/dev/ttyb'), or a
'HOST:PORT' descriptor. For example:
(gdb) target remote /dev/ttyb
communicates with the server via serial line '/dev/ttyb', and:
(gdb) target remote the-target:2345
communicates via a TCP connection to port 2345 on host 'the-target',
where you previously started up 'gdbserver' with the same port number.
Note that for TCP connections, you must start up 'gdbserver' prior to
using the 'target remote' command, otherwise you may get an error that
looks something like 'Connection refused'.
'gdbserver' can also debug multiple inferiors at once, described in
Inferiors and Programs. In such case use the 'extended-remote'
GDB command variant:
(gdb) target extended-remote the-target:2345
The 'gdbserver' option '--multi' may or may not be used in such case.
There are three different modes for invoking 'gdbserver':
* Debug a specific program specified by its program name:
gdbserver COMM PROG [ARGS...]
The COMM parameter specifies how should the server communicate with
GDB; it is either a device name (to use a serial line), a TCP port
number (':1234'), or '-' or 'stdio' to use stdin/stdout of
'gdbserver'. Specify the name of the program to debug in PROG.
Any remaining arguments will be passed to the program verbatim.
When the program exits, GDB will close the connection, and
'gdbserver' will exit.
* Debug a specific program by specifying the process ID of a running
program:
gdbserver --attach COMM PID
The COMM parameter is as described above. Supply the process ID of
a running program in PID; GDB will do everything else. Like with
the previous mode, when the process PID exits, GDB will close the
connection, and 'gdbserver' will exit.
* Multi-process mode - debug more than one program/process:
gdbserver --multi COMM
In this mode, GDB can instruct 'gdbserver' which command(s) to run.
Unlike the other 2 modes, GDB will not close the connection when a
process being debugged exits, so you can debug several processes in
the same session.
In each of the modes you may specify these options:
'--help'
List all options, with brief explanations.
'--version'
This option causes 'gdbserver' to print its version number and
exit.
'--attach'
'gdbserver' will attach to a running program. The syntax is:
target> gdbserver --attach COMM PID
PID is the process ID of a currently running process. It isn't
necessary to point 'gdbserver' at a binary for the running process.
'--multi'
To start 'gdbserver' without supplying an initial command to run or
process ID to attach, use this command line option. Then you can
connect using 'target extended-remote' and start the program you
want to debug. The syntax is:
target> gdbserver --multi COMM
'--debug'
Instruct 'gdbserver' to display extra status information about the
debugging process. This option is intended for 'gdbserver'
development and for bug reports to the developers.
'--remote-debug'
Instruct 'gdbserver' to display remote protocol debug output. This
option is intended for 'gdbserver' development and for bug reports
to the developers.
'--debug-format=option1[,option2,...]'
Instruct 'gdbserver' to include extra information in each line of
debugging output. Other Command-Line Arguments for
gdbserver.
'--wrapper'
Specify a wrapper to launch programs for debugging. The option
should be followed by the name of the wrapper, then any
command-line arguments to pass to the wrapper, then '--' indicating
the end of the wrapper arguments.
'--once'
By default, 'gdbserver' keeps the listening TCP port open, so that
additional connections are possible. However, if you start
'gdbserver' with the '--once' option, it will stop listening for
any further connection attempts after connecting to the first GDB
session.
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