gdb: C Defaults
15.4.1.4 C and C++ Defaults
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If you allow GDB to set range checking automatically, it defaults to
'off' whenever the working language changes to C or C++. This happens
regardless of whether you or GDB selects the working language.
If you allow GDB to set the language automatically, it recognizes
source files whose names end with '.c', '.C', or '.cc', etc, and when
GDB enters code compiled from one of these files, it sets the working
language to C or C++. Having GDB Infer the Source Language
Automatically, for further details.