auctex: Quotes
2.1 Insertion of Quotes, Dollars, and Braces
============================================
Quotation Marks
---------------
In TeX, literal double quotes '"like this"' are seldom used, instead two
single quotes are used '``like this'''. To help you insert these
efficiently, AUCTeX allows you to continue to press '"' to insert two
single quotes. To get a literal double quote, press '"' twice.
-- Command: TeX-insert-quote COUNT
('"') Insert the appropriate quote marks for TeX.
Inserts the value of 'TeX-open-quote' (normally '``') or
'TeX-close-quote' (normally '''') depending on the context. With
prefix argument, always inserts '"' characters.
-- User Option: TeX-open-quote
String inserted by typing '"' to open a quotation. (
European, for language-specific quotation mark insertion.)
-- User Option: TeX-close-quote
String inserted by typing '"' to close a quotation. (
European, for language-specific quotation mark insertion.)
-- User Option: TeX-quote-after-quote
Determines the behavior of '"'. If it is non-nil, typing '"' will
insert a literal double quote. The respective values of
'TeX-open-quote' and 'TeX-close-quote' will be inserted after
typing '"' once again.
The 'babel' package provides special support for the requirements of
typesetting quotation marks in many different languages. If you use
this package, either directly or by loading a language-specific style
file, you should also use the special commands for quote insertion
instead of the standard quotes shown above. AUCTeX is able to recognize
several of these languages and will change quote insertion accordingly.
European, for details about this feature and how to control it.
In case you are using the 'csquotes' package, you should customize
'LaTeX-csquotes-open-quote', 'LaTeX-csquotes-close-quote' and
'LaTeX-csquotes-quote-after-quote'. The quotation characters will only
be used if both variables--'LaTeX-csquotes-open-quote' and
'LaTeX-csquotes-close-quote'--are non-empty strings. But then the
'csquotes'-related values will take precedence over the
language-specific ones.
Dollar Signs
------------
In AUCTeX, dollar signs should match like they do in TeX. This has been
partially implemented, we assume dollar signs always match within a
paragraph. By default, the first '$' you insert in a paragraph will do
nothing special. The second '$' will match the first. This will be
indicated by moving the cursor temporarily over the first dollar sign.
-- Command: TeX-insert-dollar ARG
('$') Insert dollar sign.
Show matching dollar sign if this dollar sign end the TeX math
mode.
With optional ARG, insert that many dollar signs.
TeX and LaTeX users often look for a way to insert inline equations
like '$...$' or '\(...\)' simply typing '$'. AUCTeX helps them through
the customizable variable 'TeX-electric-math'.
-- User Option: TeX-electric-math
If the variable is non-nil and you type '$' outside math mode,
AUCTeX will automatically insert the opening and closing symbols
for an inline equation and put the point between them. The opening
symbol will blink when 'blink-matching-paren' is non-nil. If
'TeX-electric-math' is nil, typing '$' simply inserts '$' at point,
this is the default.
Besides 'nil', possible values for this variable are '(cons "$"
"$")' for TeX inline equations '$...$', and '(cons "\\(" "\\)")'
for LaTeX inline equations '\(...\)'.
If the variable is non-nil and point is inside math mode right
between a couple of single dollars, pressing '$' will insert
another pair of dollar signs and leave the point between them.
Thus, if 'TeX-electric-math' is set to '(cons "$" "$")' you can
easily obtain a TeX display equation '$$...$$' by pressing '$'
twice in a row. (Note that you should not use double dollar signs
in LaTeX because this practice can lead to wrong spacing in typeset
documents.)
In addition, when the variable is non-nil and there is an active
region outside math mode, typing '$' will put around the active
region symbols for opening and closing inline equation and keep the
region active, leaving point after the closing symbol. By pressing
repeatedly '$' while the region is active you can toggle between an
inline equation, a display equation, and no equation. To be
precise, '$...$' is replaced by '$$...$$', whereas '\(...\)' is
replaced by '\[...\]'.
If you want to automatically insert '$...$' in plain TeX files, and
'\(...\)' in LaTeX files by pressing '$', add the following to your init
file
(add-hook 'plain-TeX-mode-hook
(lambda () (set (make-variable-buffer-local 'TeX-electric-math)
(cons "$" "$"))))
(add-hook 'LaTeX-mode-hook
(lambda () (set (make-variable-buffer-local 'TeX-electric-math)
(cons "\\(" "\\)"))))
Braces
------
To avoid unbalanced braces, it is useful to insert them pairwise. You
can do this by typing 'C-c {'.
-- Command: TeX-insert-braces
('C-c {') Make a pair of braces and position the cursor to type
inside of them. If there is an active region, put braces around it
and leave point after the closing brace.
When writing complex math formulas in LaTeX documents, you sometimes
need to adjust the size of braces with pairs of macros like
'\left'-'\right', '\bigl'-'\bigr' and so on. You can avoid unbalanced
pairs with the help of 'TeX-insert-macro', bound to 'C-c C-m' or 'C-c
<RET>' (Completion). If you insert left size adjusting macros
such as '\left', '\bigl' etc. with 'TeX-insert-macro', it asks for left
brace to use and supplies automatically right size adjusting macros such
as '\right', '\bigr' etc. and corresponding right brace in addtion to
the intended left macro and left brace.
The completion by 'TeX-insert-macro' also applies when entering
macros such as '\langle', '\lfloor' and '\lceil', which produce the left
part of the paired braces. For example, inserting '\lfloor' by 'C-c
C-m' is immediately followed by the insertion of '\rfloor'. In
addition, if the point was located just after '\left' or its friends,
the corresponding '\right' etc. will be inserted in front of '\rfloor'.
In both cases, active region is honored.
As a side effect, when 'LaTeX-math-mode' (Mathematics) is on,
just typing '`(' inserts not only '\langle', but also '\rangle'.
If you do not like such auto completion at all, it can be disabled by
a user option.
-- User Option: TeX-arg-right-insert-p
If this option is turned off, the automatic supply of the right
macros and braces is suppressed.
When you edit LaTeX documents, you can enable automatic brace pairing
when typing '(', '{' and '['.
-- User Option: LaTeX-electric-left-right-brace
If this option is on, just typing '(', '{' or '[' immediately adds
the corresponding right brace ')', '}' or ']'. The point is left
after the opening brace. If there is an active region, braces are
put around it.
They recognize the preceeding backslash or size adjusting macros
such as '\left', '\bigl' etc., so the following completions will
occur:
* (when typing single left brace)
- '(' -> '()'
- '{' -> '{}'
- '[' -> '[]'
* (when typing left brace just after a backslash)
- '\(' -> '\(\)'
- '\{' -> '\{\}'
- '\[' -> '\[\]'
* (when typing just after '\left' or '\bigl')
- '\left(' -> '\left(\right)'
- '\bigl[' -> '\bigl[\bigr]'
* (when typing just after '\Bigl\')
- '\Bigl\{' -> '\Bigl\{\Bigr\}'
This auto completion feature may be a bit annoying when editing an
already existing LaTeX document. In that case, use 'C-u 1' or
'C-q' before typing '(', '{' or '['. Then no completion is done
and just a single left brace is inserted. In fact, with optional
prefix ARG, just that many open braces are inserted without any
completion.
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