asymptote: LaTeX usage
7 'LaTeX' usage
***************
'Asymptote' comes with a convenient 'LaTeX' style file 'asymptote.sty'
(v1.33 or later required) that makes 'LaTeX' 'Asymptote'-aware.
Entering 'Asymptote' code directly into the 'LaTeX' source file, at the
point where it is needed, keeps figures organized and avoids the need to
invent new file names for each figure. Simply add the line
'\usepackage{asymptote}' at the beginning of your file and enclose your
'Asymptote' code within a '\begin{asy}...\end{asy}' environment. As
with the 'LaTeX' 'comment' environment, the '\end{asy}' command must
appear on a line by itself, with no trailing commands/comments. A blank
line is not allowed after '\begin{asy}'.
The sample 'LaTeX' file below, named 'latexusage.tex', can be run as
follows:
latex latexusage
asy latexusage-*.asy
latex latexusage
or
pdflatex latexusage
asy latexusage-*.asy
pdflatex latexusage
To switch between using inline Asymptote code with 'latex' and
'pdflatex' you may first need to remove the files 'latexusage-*.tex'.
An even better method for processing a 'LaTeX' file with embedded
'Asymptote' code is to use the 'latexmk' utility from
<http://mirror.ctan.org/support/latexmk/>
after putting the contents of
<http://sourceforge.net/p/asymptote/code/HEAD/tree/trunk/asymptote/doc/latexmkrc>
in a file 'latexmkrc' in the same directory. The command
latexmk -pdf latexusage
will then call 'Asymptote' automatically, recompiling only the figures
that have changed. Since each figure is compiled in a separate system
process, this method also tends to use less memory. To store the
figures in a separate directory named 'asy', one can define
\def\asydir{asy}
in 'latexusage.tex' and put the contents of
<http://sourceforge.net/p/asymptote/code/HEAD/tree/trunk/asymptote/doc/latexmkrc_asydir>
in a file 'latexmkrc' in the same directory. External 'Asymptote' code
in 'filename.asy' should be included with
\asyinclude[<options>]{<filename.asy>}
so that 'latexmk' will recognize when the code is changed. Note that
'latemk' requires 'perl', available from <http://www.perl.org/>.
One can specify 'width', 'height', 'keepAspect', 'viewportwidth',
'viewportheight', 'attach', and 'inline'. 'keyval'-style options to the
'asy' and 'asyinclude' environments. Three-dimensional PRC files may
either be embedded within the page (the default) or attached as
annotated (but printable) attachments, using the 'attach' option and the
'attachfile2' (or older 'attachfile') 'LaTeX' package. The 'inline'
option generates inline 'LaTeX' code instead of EPS or PDF files. This
makes 2D LaTeX symbols visible to the '\begin{asy}...\end{asy}'
environment. In this mode, Asymptote correctly aligns 2D LaTeX symbols
defined outside of '\begin{asy}...\end{asy}', but treats their size as
zero; an optional second string can be given to 'Label' to provide an
estimate of the unknown label size.
Note that if the 'latex' TeX engine is used with the 'inline' option,
labels might not show up in DVI viewers that cannot handle raw
'PostScript' code. One can use 'dvips'/'dvipdf' to produce
'PostScript'/PDF output (we recommend using the modified version of
'dvipdf' in the 'Asymptote' patches directory, which accepts the 'dvips
-z' hyperdvi option).
Here now is 'latexusage.tex':
\documentclass[12pt]{article}
% Use this form to include EPS (latex) or PDF (pdflatex) files:
%\usepackage{asymptote}
% Use this form with latex or pdflatex to include inline LaTeX code by default:
\usepackage[inline]{asymptote}
% Use this form with latex or pdflatex to create PDF attachments by default:
%\usepackage[attach]{asymptote}
% Enable this line to support the attach option:
%\usepackage[dvips]{attachfile2}
\begin{document}
% Optional subdirectory for latex files (no spaces):
\def\asylatexdir{}
% Optional subdirectory for asy files (no spaces):
\def\asydir{}
\begin{asydef}
// Global Asymptote definitions can be put here.
import three;
usepackage("bm");
texpreamble("\def\V#1{\bm{#1}}");
// One can globally override the default toolbar settings here:
// settings.toolbar=true;
\end{asydef}
Here is a venn diagram produced with Asymptote, drawn to width 4cm:
\def\A{A}
\def\B{\V{B}}
%\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\begin{asy}
size(4cm,0);
pen colour1=red;
pen colour2=green;
pair z0=(0,0);
pair z1=(-1,0);
pair z2=(1,0);
real r=1.5;
path c1=circle(z1,r);
path c2=circle(z2,r);
fill(c1,colour1);
fill(c2,colour2);
picture intersection=new picture;
fill(intersection,c1,colour1+colour2);
clip(intersection,c2);
add(intersection);
draw(c1);
draw(c2);
//draw("$\A$",box,z1); // Requires [inline] package option.
//draw(Label("$\B$","$B$"),box,z2); // Requires [inline] package option.
draw("$A$",box,z1);
draw("$\V{B}$",box,z2);
pair z=(0,-2);
real m=3;
margin BigMargin=Margin(0,m*dot(unit(z1-z),unit(z0-z)));
draw(Label("$A\cap B$",0),conj(z)--z0,Arrow,BigMargin);
draw(Label("$A\cup B$",0),z--z0,Arrow,BigMargin);
draw(z--z1,Arrow,Margin(0,m));
draw(z--z2,Arrow,Margin(0,m));
shipout(bbox(0.25cm));
\end{asy}
%\caption{Venn diagram}\label{venn}
\end{center}
%\end{figure}
Each graph is drawn in its own environment. One can specify the width
and height to \LaTeX\ explicitly. This 3D example can be viewed
interactively either with Adobe Reader or Asymptote's fast OpenGL-based
renderer. To support {\tt latexmk}, 3D figures should specify
\verb+inline=true+. It is sometimes desirable to embed 3D files as annotated
attachments; this requires the \verb+attach=true+ option as well as the
\verb+attachfile2+ \LaTeX\ package.
\begin{center}
\begin{asy}[height=4cm,inline=true,attach=false,viewportwidth=\linewidth]
currentprojection=orthographic(5,4,2);
draw(unitcube,blue);
label("$V-E+F=2$",(0,1,0.5),3Y,blue+fontsize(17pt));
\end{asy}
\end{center}
One can also scale the figure to the full line width:
\begin{center}
\begin{asy}[width=\the\linewidth,inline=true]
pair z0=(0,0);
pair z1=(2,0);
pair z2=(5,0);
pair zf=z1+0.75*(z2-z1);
draw(z1--z2);
dot(z1,red+0.15cm);
dot(z2,darkgreen+0.3cm);
label("$m$",z1,1.2N,red);
label("$M$",z2,1.5N,darkgreen);
label("$\hat{\ }$",zf,0.2*S,fontsize(24pt)+blue);
pair s=-0.2*I;
draw("$x$",z0+s--z1+s,N,red,Arrows,Bars,PenMargins);
s=-0.5*I;
draw("$\bar{x}$",z0+s--zf+s,blue,Arrows,Bars,PenMargins);
s=-0.95*I;
draw("$X$",z0+s--z2+s,darkgreen,Arrows,Bars,PenMargins);
\end{asy}
\end{center}
\end{document}
[latexusage]
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