as: M68HC11-Opts
9.22.1 M68HC11 and M68HC12 Options
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The Motorola 68HC11 and 68HC12 version of 'as' have a few machine
dependent options.
'-m68hc11'
This option switches the assembler into the M68HC11 mode. In this
mode, the assembler only accepts 68HC11 operands and mnemonics. It
produces code for the 68HC11.
'-m68hc12'
This option switches the assembler into the M68HC12 mode. In this
mode, the assembler also accepts 68HC12 operands and mnemonics. It
produces code for the 68HC12. A few 68HC11 instructions are
replaced by some 68HC12 instructions as recommended by Motorola
specifications.
'-m68hcs12'
This option switches the assembler into the M68HCS12 mode. This
mode is similar to '-m68hc12' but specifies to assemble for the
68HCS12 series. The only difference is on the assembling of the
'movb' and 'movw' instruction when a PC-relative operand is used.
'-mm9s12x'
This option switches the assembler into the M9S12X mode. This mode
is similar to '-m68hc12' but specifies to assemble for the S12X
series which is a superset of the HCS12.
'-mm9s12xg'
This option switches the assembler into the XGATE mode for the RISC
co-processor featured on some S12X-family chips.
'--xgate-ramoffset'
This option instructs the linker to offset RAM addresses from S12X
address space into XGATE address space.
'-mshort'
This option controls the ABI and indicates to use a 16-bit integer
ABI. It has no effect on the assembled instructions. This is the
default.
'-mlong'
This option controls the ABI and indicates to use a 32-bit integer
ABI.
'-mshort-double'
This option controls the ABI and indicates to use a 32-bit float
ABI. This is the default.
'-mlong-double'
This option controls the ABI and indicates to use a 64-bit float
ABI.
'--strict-direct-mode'
You can use the '--strict-direct-mode' option to disable the
automatic translation of direct page mode addressing into extended
mode when the instruction does not support direct mode. For
example, the 'clr' instruction does not support direct page mode
addressing. When it is used with the direct page mode, 'as' will
ignore it and generate an absolute addressing. This option
prevents 'as' from doing this, and the wrong usage of the direct
page mode will raise an error.
'--short-branches'
The '--short-branches' option turns off the translation of relative
branches into absolute branches when the branch offset is out of
range. By default 'as' transforms the relative branch ('bsr',
'bgt', 'bge', 'beq', 'bne', 'ble', 'blt', 'bhi', 'bcc', 'bls',
'bcs', 'bmi', 'bvs', 'bvs', 'bra') into an absolute branch when the
offset is out of the -128 .. 127 range. In that case, the 'bsr'
instruction is translated into a 'jsr', the 'bra' instruction is
translated into a 'jmp' and the conditional branches instructions
are inverted and followed by a 'jmp'. This option disables these
translations and 'as' will generate an error if a relative branch
is out of range. This option does not affect the optimization
associated to the 'jbra', 'jbsr' and 'jbXX' pseudo opcodes.
'--force-long-branches'
The '--force-long-branches' option forces the translation of
relative branches into absolute branches. This option does not
affect the optimization associated to the 'jbra', 'jbsr' and 'jbXX'
pseudo opcodes.
'--print-insn-syntax'
You can use the '--print-insn-syntax' option to obtain the syntax
description of the instruction when an error is detected.
'--print-opcodes'
The '--print-opcodes' option prints the list of all the
instructions with their syntax. The first item of each line
represents the instruction name and the rest of the line indicates
the possible operands for that instruction. The list is printed in
alphabetical order. Once the list is printed 'as' exits.
'--generate-example'
The '--generate-example' option is similar to '--print-opcodes' but
it generates an example for each instruction instead.
Info Catalog
as: M68HC11-Dependent
as: M68HC11-Syntax